Method of casting and article made thereby.



No. 719,744. PATENTED FEB. 3,1903.

0. 1), CANNON. METHOD OF CASTING AND ARTICLE MADE THEREBYQ APPLIOATIONFILED JUNE 14, 1902.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

CLINTON D. CANNON, OF BATTLECREEK, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- THIRD TOCORODON S. CANNON, OF BATTLECREEK, MICHIGAN.

METHODv OF CASTING AND ARTICLE MADE THEREBY.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 719,744, dated February3, 1903. 1

Application filed June 14, 1902. Serial No. 111,792. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLINTON D. CANNON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Battlecreek, in the county of Calhoun and State of Michigan,have invented a new and useful Method of Casting and Articles MadeThereby, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a new method of metal casting and a newarticle formed by said method.

While the invention relates more particularly to the making ofvehicle-wl1eels having cast-metal hubs, it will be evident to thoseskilled in the art that it may be employed in the construction of otherarticles.

One object of the invention is to provide means for obviating thenecessity of carefullymade sand molds by employing a form which becomesincorporated with and constitutes a part of the finished article.

Another object is to produce by means of the new method an articlehaving the combined advantages of cast and malleable metal and,furthermore, having a surface that does not have to be finished in anymanner after the casting operation;

The invention will be readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, taken in connection with the followingdescription; but it will be evident upon an inspection of the claimshereto appended that the invention is not limited to the exact detailsshown and described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating avehicle-wheel prepared for the casting of the hub Fig. 2 is a verticalsectional view, on an enlarged scale, through the mold after the hub hasbeen cast. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the sheathing or form withthe sections thereof disassociated.

Similar numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

In carrying'out the invention, as shown, a shell or sheathingis firstformed of the desired shapethecastingistobemade. Thissheathing isconstructed of separate malleable-metal sections, which are adjustablyassociated. In the present instance it is of the desired shape of thehub and comprises semicylindrical spindle-sections and 11, upon the endsof which are slidably mounted inner head-sections 12, these sectionshaving contracted collar portions 13, that fit over the ends of thespindle-sections and being provided with enlarged portions havingannular flanges 14. Outer head-sections are provided with annular wallsor flanges 16, which fit within the annular flanges 14 and are providedwith a plurality of sockets 17. The outer ends of the sections 15 arecontracted and are in the form of collars 18. The various sections areassociated as shown in Fig. 2, and the spokes 19 of the vehicle-wheelare passed through the sockets 17, the ends of said sockets being closedby the annular flanges 14E of the inner head-sections. The outer ends ofthe spokes 19 are fastened to the tire or rim 20 of the Wheel in theusual manner. Said rim is then supported by suitable blocks, as 21, aslight distance above the floor, and the various sections of thesheathing are adjusted to properly position said sheathing with relationto the spokes and tire and to obtain the necessary pitch or dish to theWheel. The usual core 22 is then passed vertically through thesheathing, being supported at its lower end by a cap-plate 23, whichfits within the lower collar 18 and has a central opening'that receivesthe contracted lower end 24 of the core. A similar cap-plate 25 closesthe upper end of the sheathing and has a central opening which receivesthe contracted upper end 26 of the core. This cap-plate is, furthermore,provided with a sprue-opening 27. It is also desirable to provideVent-openings-as, for instance, 28in different portions of thesheathing. Afterthevariousadjustmentshave been obtained and the coreproperly positioned a body of wet sand, as 29, is packed closely aroundthe sheathing, thereby forming a retaining-wall for the same. This sandalso covers the structure, and a sprue-opening 30 through this sandcommunicates with the sprue-opening 27 in the cap-plate 25. Moltenmetal, as 31, is then poured through the sprueopening and fills thespace left within the sheathing. This metal completely surrounds theinner ends of the spokes 19 and, furthermore, liquefies to a certainextent the inner portions of the sheathing, so that the two metals willbecome fused together, thus forming a homogeneous body. The cold wetsand, however, upon the outside prevents the entire melting of thesheathing, so that its outer surface is preserved. After the casting hassufficiently cooled the sand is broken away, the core is removed, andthe article is complete.

In the first place it will be seen that by employing the metallicsheathing the necessity for a carefully-made sand mold is obviated, andno skilled laboris required. This sheathing, futhermore, prevents anysand from falling into the mold, and thus obviates the danger ofimperfect castings. Further than this, by constructing the sheathing ofsections the hub may be formedin any relation desired with respect tothe remainder of the wheel. Then, again, by constructing the sheathingof malleable metal the structure is much stronger, as the sheathingconstitutes a part thereof. As a result it has been found that muchlighter castings may be made. Furthermore, the outer face of thesheathing is already finished, and therefore the completed hub does nothave to be refinished or worked in any manner. It will be evident thatthe invention has many advantages over the prior art and that it may beemployed for other pn rposes.

From the foregoing it is thought that the construction, operation, andmany advantages of the herein-described invention will be apparent tothose skilled in the art without further description, and it will beunderstood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion, andminor details of construction may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. That improvement in the art of casting metallic articles whichconsists in first forming an outer metallic sheathing'in sections and ofthe shape of the article to be cast, and casting a metallic body withinthe sheathing and in contact therewith.

2. That improvement in the art of casting metallic articles whichconsists in first forming a metallic sheathing of the shape of the 4.That improvement in the art of casting hubs for vehicle-wheels whichconsists in first forming a metallic sheathing of the shape of the hubout of adjustably-associated sections, passing vehicle-spokes throughsaid sheathin g,adj usting the sections toobtain the proper relation ofthe sheathing with respect to the remainder of the wheel, packingretaining material about the sheathing and casting a body of metalwithin-the sheathing and about the spokes.

5. An article of the class described consisting of a body comprising anouter metallic sheathing, made up of sections and a filling cast withinand contacting with the sheathing, said filling and sections of thesheathing being fused together.

6. An article of the class described, comprising a metal sheathingformed of separate sections, the ends of which are overlapped, spokespassed through the sheathing between the overlapping ends of certainsections and projecting within said sheathing, and a metallic fillingpermanently cast within the sheathing and in contact therewith, saidfilling surrounding the spokes, the filling and sheathing being fusedtogether.

7. An article of the class described consisting of a body comprising anouter metallic sheathing formed of sections, the adjacent edges of whichare overlapped, and a filling cast within and contacting with thesheathing, said filling and sheathing being fused together and holdingthe sections against relative movement.

8. An article of the class described comprising an outer metallicsheathing formed of sections, certain of said sections having openingstherethrough, spokes passed through the openings, and a filling castwithin and contacting with the sheathing and the spokes,

said filling and sheathing beingfused together I and holding thesections against relative movement.

9. An article of the class described consisting of a body comprising anouter metallic sheathing formed of sections, certain of said sectionshaving openings arranged in their edges, the edges of the adjacentsections closing the ends of the openings, spokes passed through theopenings, and a filling cast within and contacting with the sheathing,said sheathing and filling being fused together, thereby holding thesections against relative movement.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CLINTON D. CANNON.

Witnesses:

R. H. DAY, A. B. ALLEN.

